关键词: 脑疾病, 医学图像, 核磁共振成像（MRI）, 计算机辅助诊断

Abstract: Diseases in brain seriously threaten the health of human beings. However, with the quick development of computer technology, the medical images are increasingly used in medical diagnosis, such as  CT, MRI and PET-CT, which puts the technology of computer visualization to a new height. The diseases of the brain are various, and some of them even directly threaten human life. Therefore, the diagnosis of brain diseases in early stage is very important for the treatment of diseases. At present, deep learning and its advantage of automatic features extraction make the computer aided medical diagnosis become a research hotspot. This paper briefly introduces the imaging technology of human brain firstly. Then, it introduces the traditional methods of pathological brain and the methods based on deep learning. The comparisons, analysis and conclusion will be introduced afterwards. At last, the current situation and trend of the methods based on deep learning are shown.

Key words: diseases in brain, medical image, Magnetic Resonance Imaging（MRI）, computer-aided diagnosis