关键词: 无线传感器网络, 多跳路由, 非均匀分簇, 热区, 根节点

Abstract: In order to solve the “hot spot” problem in multi-hop routing protocol of wireless sensor networks, an Energy Optimized Uneven Clustering Routing protocol （EOUCR） is proposed after researching on EEUC. In this routing protocol, three parameters, i.e., the candidate cluster head’s residual energy, its neighbor’s average residual energy and the distance of the candidate cluster head to SINK, are considered in the cluster formation phase. Meanwhile, EOUCR partitions all nodes into clusters of unequal size, and takes energy consumption into account while calculating competitive radius. In this way, the cluster head rotation frequency can be reduced when cluster is in “hot spot”, and the network loading is balanced. Furthermore, a unique root node is introduced. This root node communicates with the SINK node solely in clustering multi-hop routing. Other cluster heads communicate with the root node through the relay node or directly. Thus, the “hot spot” problem near the SINK node can be solved effectively through EOUCR by overcoming EEUC’s  deficiency of larger and unbalanced energy consumption. Simulation results show that EOUCR can more efficiently save energy of nodes, balance the energy dissipation of all nodes, and prolong the network lifetime.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs）, multi-hop routing, uneven clustering, hot spot, root node