关键词: 车辆路径问题, 小生境, 最优保存策略, 免疫克隆, 免疫遗传算法

Abstract: The optimization of VRP（Vehicle Routing Problem） in the logistics system is a widely concerned problem and is proved to be a NP-Hard problem.Faced with this problem，a new algorithm named APPIGA（Adaptive Pseudo-Parallel Immune Genetic Algorithm） is presented and realized.A niche pseudo-parallel cooperation evolution strategy is given based on evolution of several filial-population and niche technique.A symbol encoding and decoding style is presented.The immune clone，extracting vaccine，inoculating vaccine，immune selection of immune operator and the selection，crossover，mutation of genetic operator are given.The clone scale can be regulated automatically by affinity between antibody and antigen，and between antibodies during evolution.By use of elitist strategy，the algorithm can be convergent with probability one.The feasibility and validity of the algorithm are validated by the calculation instances.It is validated that the algorithm is a high speed and fidelity method，and can be served as a reference to VRP.

Key words: vehicle routing problem, niche, elitist strategy, immune clone, immune genetic algorithm