改进网格单应性投影变换的文物多镜头光谱图像拼接方法

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2310-0386

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对文物多镜头光谱图像序列拼接时的累计误差和多个景深视差导致的特征相对位置偏移问题，提出改进网格单应性投影变换的拼接方法。引入正射彩色全景图像作为参考图像，避免了以单一分镜头光谱图像为基准的累计误差问题。提出SIFT-LBP特征匹配算法，利用LBP纹理对SIFT特征匹配进行筛选和补充，获得准确的特征匹配点对；采用网格单应性变换，以特征匹配点之间的距离为权重，计算目标网格像素点的偏移位置，减少特征相对位置偏移问题；采用直方图匹配加权融合方法融合分镜头光谱图像，以平滑图像重叠区域。与主流图像拼接方法相比较，该方法拼接的图像视觉效果更优，且峰值信噪比较主流方法提高12.81%，结构相似性提高13.12%，为文物保护与研究提供可靠的全景光谱图像数据。

关键词: 图像处理, 图像拼接, 单应性投影变换, 文物光谱图像, 特征检测, 图像配准

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of the accumulated error and the relative position deviation caused by multiple depth of field parallax in the Mosaic of multi-lens spectral image sequences of cultural relics, an improved grid homologous projection transformation method is proposed. Firstly, the orthophoto color panoramic image is introduced as the reference image to avoid the cumulative error problem based on the single lens spectral image. The SIFT-LBP feature matching algorithm is proposed, and LBP texture is used to screen and supplement SIFT feature matching, and accurate feature matching point pairs are obtained. Then the grid homologous transformation is used to calculate the offset position of the pixel points in the target grid with the distance between the feature matching points as the weight to reduce the feature relative position offset problem. Finally, the histogram matching weighted fusion method is used to fuse the spectral image of the shooting lens to smooth the overlapping area of the image. Compared with the mainstream image splicing methods, this method achieves better visual effect, and PSNR and SSIM are increased by 12.81% and 13.12% respectively, providing reliable panoramic spectral image data for cultural relics protection and research.

Key words: image processing, image stitching, homologous projection transformation, spectral images of cultural relics, feature detection, image alignment

郑阳阳, 王慧琴, 王可, 王展, 甄刚, 李源. 改进网格单应性投影变换的文物多镜头光谱图像拼接方法[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2024, 60(21): 225-235.

ZHENG Yangyang, WANG Huiqin, WANG Ke, WANG Zhan, ZHEN Gang, LI Yuan. Multi-Lens Spectral Image Mosaic Method of Cultural Relics with Improved Grid Projection Transformation[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2024, 60(21): 225-235.

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