车车通信中通信模式选择与资源分配算法

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2012-0104

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在城市轨道交通列车控制系统中，车车（train-to-train，T2T）通信是利用列车之间直接通信来保障列车安全、高效运行的一种通信模式。与传统的车地（train-to-ground，T2G）通信模式相比，基于T2T通信的系统可以简化系统结构，降低系统成本，提高列车运营效率。为保证通信链路信噪比的同时最大程度地提高整个系统的信道容量，研究了T2G通信模式与T2T通信模式共存情况下的联合通信模式选择和资源分配问题。提出了一种通信模式选择算法，其目的是使列车能够自适应地选择具有更好通信质量的通信模式。在通信模式选择的基础上，提出了一种基于拉格朗日对偶函数法的资源分配算法，该算法可获得列车在不同通信模式下的最佳传输功率。仿真结果表明，相比于其他资源分配算法，所提算法能明显提升系统的信道容量。

关键词: 车车通信, 城市轨道交通, 通信模式选择, 资源分配

Abstract: In the urban rail transit train control system, train-to-train（T2T） communication is a communication mode that uses direct communication between trains to ensure the safe and efficient operation of trains. Compared with the traditional train-to-ground（T2G） communication mode, a system based on T2T communication can simplify the system structure, reduce system costs, and improve train operation efficiency. In order to ensure the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication link and maximize the channel capacity of the entire system, this paper analyzes the joint communication mode selection and resource allocation when the T2G communication mode and the T2T communication mode coexist. Firstly, a communication mode selection algorithm is proposed, its purpose is to enable the train to adaptively select a communication mode with better communication quality. Then, based on the choice of communication mode, a resource allocation algorithm based on Lagrangian dual function method is proposed, the optimal transmission power of trains in different communication modes can be obtained. The simulation results show that compared with other resource allocation algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this paper can significantly improve the channel capacity of the system.

Key words: T2T communication, urban rail transit, communication mode selection, resource allocation

陈垚, 赵军辉, 张青苗, 周天清. 车车通信中通信模式选择与资源分配算法[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2022, 58(10): 93-100.

CHEN Yao, ZHAO Junhui, ZHANG Qingmiao, ZHOU Tianqing. Communication Mode Selection and Resource Allocation Algorithm for Train-to-Train Communication[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2022, 58(10): 93-100.

参考文献

[1] WANG X X，LIU L J，TANG T，et al.Next generation train-centric communication-based train control system with train-to-train（T2T） communications[C]//2018 International Conference on Intelligent Rail Transportation，Singapore，2018：1-5.
[2] FAROOQ J，SOLER J.Radio communication for communications-based train control（CBTC）：a tutorial and survey[J].IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials，2017，19（3）：1377-1402.
[3] AGUADO M，JACOB E，SAIZ P，et al.Railway signaling systems and new trends in wireless data communication[C]//2005 IEEE 62nd Vehicular Technology Conference，Dallas，2005：1333-1336.
[4] SONG H，SCHNIEDER E.Availability and performance analysis of train-to-train data communication system[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems，2019，20（7）：2786-2795.
[5] WANG X X，LIU L J，TANG T，et al.Enhancing communication-based train control systems through train-to-train communications[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems，2019，20（4）：1544-1561.
[6] ZHAO J H，LIU Y Y，GONG Y，et al.A dual-link soft hand-
over scheme for C/U plane split network in high-speed railway[J].IEEE Access，2018，6：12473-12482.
[7] SHIRLAW S G.Radio and communications-based train control：migration，interoperation and system engineering issues[C]//2008 International Conference on Railway Engineering Challenges for Railway Transportation in Information Age，Hong Kong，China，2008：1-5.
[8] ZHAO J H，KONG M，LI Q P，et al.Contract-based computing resource management via deep reinforcement learning in vehicular fog computing[J].IEEE Access，2020，8：3319-3329.
[9] CHEN H，LIU L J，NOVLAN T，et al.Spatial spectrum sensing-based device-to-device cellular networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications，2016，15（11）：7299-7313.
[10] WANG X X，LIU L J，TANG T.Improved T2T based communication-based train control systems through cooperated security check[C]//2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference，Auckland，2019：2509-2514.
[11] GARCIA C R，LEHNER A，STRANG T，et al.Comparison of collision avoidance systems and applicability to rail transport[C]//2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications，Sophia Antipolis，2007：1-6.
[12] MORENO J，RIERA J M，HARO L D，et al.A survey on future railway radio communications services：challenges and opportunities[J].IEEE Communications Magazine，2015，53（10）：62-68.
[13] AI B，CHENG X，KURNER T，et al.Challenges toward wireless communications for high speed railway[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems，2014，15（5）：2143-2158.
[14] 董晓庆.异构无线网络密集部署场景下高效网络接入及频谱分配[J].计算机工程与应用，2019，55（4）：101-111.
DONG X Q.Efficient network access and spectrum allocation in dense deployment of heterogeneous wireless networks[J].Computer Engineering and Applications，2019，55（4）：101-111.
[15] YANG X.A multilevel soft frequency reuse technique for wireless communication systems[J].IEEE Communications Letters，2014，18（11）：1983-1986.
[16] SUN Y J，WANG F L，LIU Z J.Coalition formation game for resource allocation in D2D uplink underlaying cellular networks[J].IEEE Communications Letters，2019，23（5）：888-891.
[17] WU D，WANG J L，HU R Q Y，et al.Energy-efficient resource sharing for mobile device-to-device multimedia communications[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology，2014，63（5）：2093-2103.
[18] LEE J Y，LEE J H.Performance analysis and resource allocation for cooperative D2D communication in cellular networks with multiple D2D pairs[J].IEEE Communications Letters，2019，23（5）：909-912.
[19] 刘辉，颜飙，赵瑞雪.基于烟花算法的D2D资源分配方案[J].计算机工程与应用，2019，55（8）：86-91.
LIU H，YAN B，ZHAO R X.Resource allocation scheme for D2D communication based on fireworks algorithm[J].Computer Engineering and Applications，2019，55（8）：86-91.
[20] ZHOU Q H，HU X Y，LIN J，et al.Train-to-train communication resource allocation scheme for train control system[C]//2018 10th International Conference on Communication Software and Networks，Chengdu，2018：210-214.
[21] ZHAO J H，ZHANG Y，NIE Y W，et al.Intelligent resource allocation for train-to-train communication：a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach[J].IEEE Access，2020，8：8032-8040.
[22] ZHU L，YAO D Y，ZHAO H L.Reliability analysis of next-generation CBTC data communication systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology，2019，68（3）：2024-2034.
[23] YU G D，XU L K，FENG D Q，et al.Joint mode selection and resource allocation for device-to-device communications[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications，2014，62（11）：3814-3824.
[24] LIANG L，LI G Y，XU W.Resource allocation for D2D-enabled vehicular communications[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications，2017，65（7）：3186-3197.
[25] WINNERII channel models：IST-4-027756 WINNERII D1.1.2 V1.2[EB/OL].（2007-09）[2020-10-28].http：//projects.celticinitiative.org/winner+/WINNERII-Deliverables/D1.1.2v1.1.pdf.