动态储位分配策略下仓储作业能耗优化调度

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2109-0183

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对堆垛机式自动化立体仓库能耗优化任务调度问题，提出了一种动态储位分配策略下的任务调度集成优化方法。该策略允许在当前任务执行批次内重用拣货产生的空库位，产生了任务顺序约束；并结合不同运动状态下堆垛机的运行时间计算差异，建立了复合指令下以堆垛机任务总能耗最低为目标的调度模型。依据模型的特点，提出了一种改进帝国竞争算法进行求解。该算法通过设置校正机制使优化解能够满足任务顺序约束，并引入外来种群入侵的概念来避免算法陷入“早熟”。最后通过两组数据对提出的任务调度算法进行了验证，实验结果表明，改进算法在能耗和任务执行效率方面优于其他方法，能够有效减少堆垛机作业过程能耗，提升作业效率。

关键词: 动态储位分配策略, 校正机制, 入侵机制, 改进帝国竞争算法

Abstract: A task scheduling integrated optimization method based on dynamic storage allocation strategy is proposed to solve the energy consumption optimization task scheduling problem of automatic stereo warehouse with stacker. This strategy allows the reuse of empty storage locations generated by picking in the current task execution batch, resulting in task sequence constraints. Combined with the calculation difference of stacker’s running time under different motion states, a scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the total energy consumption of stacker task under compound instruction is established. According to the characteristics of the model, an improved imperialist competition algorithm is proposed to solve the model, which can satisfy the task order constraint by setting the correction mechanism, and the concept of alien population invasion is introduced to avoid the algorithm falling into “premature”. Finally, the task scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper is verified by two groups of data. The experimental results show that the proposed scheduling algorithm is superior to other methods in energy consumption and task execution efficiency, and can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve operation efficiency of stacker.

Key words: dynamic storage allocation strategy, correction mechanism, intrusion mechanism, improved imperialist competitive algorithm

方磊, 吉卫喜, 彭威, 冯晨. 动态储位分配策略下仓储作业能耗优化调度[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2023, 59(4): 303-311.

FANG Lei, JI Weixi, PENG Wei, FENG Chen. Optimal Scheduling of Storage Energy Consumption Under Dynamic Storage Allocation Strategy[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2023, 59(4): 303-311.

参考文献

[1] 徐翔斌，马中强.基于移动机器人的拣货系统研究进展[J].自动化学报，2022，48（1）：1-20.
XU X B，MA Z Q.Robotic mobile fulfillment systems：state-of-the-art and prospects[JL].Acta Automatica Sinica，2022，48（1）：1-20.
[2] 雷斌，王菀莹，赵佳欣.货位分配优化研究综述[J].计算机工程与应用，2021，57（1）：48-55.
LEI B，WANG W Y，ZHAO J X.Review of research on location allocation optimization[J].Computer Engineering and Applications，2021，57（1）：48-55.
[3] 周亚云，项前，余崇贵，等.考虑物料需求关联与周转率的仓储货位优化方法[J].东华大学学报（自然科学版），2020，46（3）：414-420.
ZHOU Y Y，XIANG Q，YU C G，et al.A method for storage location optimization considering material demand correlations and turnover[J].Journal of Donghua University（Natural Science），2020，46（3）：414-420.
[4] 穆聪聪，郭敏.基于产品频度与偏离度的货位分配策略研究[J].物流科技，2015，38（6）：107-112.
MU C C，GUO M.Strategy of warehouse storage location assignment based on product frequency and deviation ration[J].Logistics Sci-Tech，2015，38（6）：107-112.
[5] 张衍会，邱建东，汤旻安.一种货架共用模式自动化立体仓库货位优化[J].计算机应用与软件，2017，34（7）：262-266.
ZHANG Y H，QIU J D，TANG M A.Slotting optimization for the automated stereoscopic warehouse by shelf shared mode[J].Computer Applications and Software，2017，34（7）：262-266.
[6] KUBLER P，GLOCK C，BAUERNHANSL T.A new iterative method for solving the joint dynamic storage location assignment，order batching and picker routing problem in manual picker-to-parts warehouses[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering，2020，147.
[7] WANG M，ZHANG R Q.A dynamic programming approach for storage location assignment planning problem[J].Procedia CIRP，2019，83：513-516.
[8] ZHANG S W，FU L P，CHEN R，et al.Optimizing the cargo location assignment of retail E-commerce based on an artificial fish swarm algorithm[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering，2020：5609873.
[9] 颜波，刘巳，黄燕红.离散型帝国竞争算法在仓储订单调度中的应用[J].控制与决策，2017，32（1）：39-46.
YAN B，LIU S，HUANG Y H.Application of discrete imperialist competitive algorithm in warehouse order scheduling[J].Control and Decision，2017，32（1）：39-46.
[10] 夏莉，侯世旺，温海骏.关于仓库货物堆垛机拣选调度自动化研究[J].计算机仿真，2016，33（3）：318-322.
XIA L，HOU S W，WEN H J.Research on stacker’s automation order picking scheduling of AS/RS goods[J].Computer Simulation，2016，33（3）：318-322.
[11] 韩东亚，陈然，余玉刚，等.自动化立体仓库中出入库任务顺序与出库位置选择集成优化研究[J].中国管理科学，2020，28（10）：156-164.
HAN D Y，CHEN R，YU Y G，et al.Joint optimization of order sequence and pick position in an AS/RS with multiple in-the-aisle pick positions[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science，2020，28（10）：156-164.
[12] TOSTANI H，HALEH H，MOLANA S M，et al.A bi-level bi-objective optimization model for the integrated storage classes and dual shuttle cranes scheduling in AS/RS with energy consumption，workload balance and time windows[J].Journal of Cleaner Production，2020，257：120409.
[13] CHEN L，LANGEVIN A，RIOPEL D.The storage location assignment and interleaving problem in an automated storage/retrieval system with shared storage[J].International Journal of Production Research，2010，48（4）：991-1011.
[14] 刘恺文，曹政才.基于改进灰狼优化算法的自动化立体仓库作业能量优化调度[J].计算机集成制造系统，2020，26（2）：376-383.
LIU K W，CAO Z C.Energy-optimized task scheduling of automated warehouse based on improved grey wolf optimizer[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems，2020，26（2）：376-383.
[15] 汤洪涛，闫伟杰，陈青丰，等.自动化立体仓库货位分配与作业调度集成优化[J].计算机科学，2020，47（5）：204-211.
TANG H T，YAN W J，CHEN Q F，et al.Integrated optimization of location assignment and job scheduling in automated storage and retrieval system[J].Computer Science，2020，47（5）：204-211.
[16] 杨玮，刘江，岳婷，等.多载具自动化立体仓库货位分配与作业调度集成优化[J].计算机集成制造系统，2019，25（1）：247-255.
YANG W，LIU J，YUE T，et al.Integrated optimization of location assignment and job scheduling in multi-carrier automated storage and retrieval system[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems，2019，25（1）：247-255.
[17] 徐翔斌，奉齐齐.可变路径人工拣货系统动态货位调整研究[J].工业工程，2020，23（4）：114-120.
XU X B，FENG Q Q.A research on variable route dynamic storage location adjustment on picker-to-parts picking system[J].Industrial Engineering Journal，2020，23（4）：114-120.
[18] 陈禹，冯翔，虞慧群.改进型帝国竞争模型算法的研究[J].计算机工程与应用，2018，54（12）：206-213.
CHEN Y，FENG X，YU H Q.Research of improved imperialist competitive algorithm[J].Computer Engineering and Applications，2018，54（12）：206-213.
[19] 王贵林，李斌.受春秋战国史实启发的帝国竞争改进算法[J].计算机应用，2021，41（2）：470-478.
WANG G L，LI B.Improved imperialist competitive algorithm inspired by historical facts of spring and autumn period[J].Journal of Computer Applications，2021，41（2）：470-478.