关键词: 无线传感器网络, 能量有效, k度覆盖, 覆盖质量, 网络生存周期

Abstract: Coverage ratio is one of the important performance metrics in wireless sensor networks. When the targets are k covered by sensors, the produced more redundant data may cause network jam, which lowers the communication and coverage capability of network, and also causes energy consumed rapidly. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy efficient [k] coverage algorithm by using location relation of nodes to construct coverage network model. Coverage area expectation value and the required number of nodes covered all monitoring area are given by the analysis of coverage network model. On the aspect of energy consumption, the nodes with low energy savings are scheduled by the given expectation functions proportion between the working nodes and neighboring nodes, which balances energy consumption of the whole network, and optimizes network resource. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed [k] coverage algorithm not only improves the network’s coverage quality, but also cuts down the rapid energy consumption, and then it prolongs the network lifetime.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, energy efficient, k-degree coverage, coverage quality, network lifetime