关键词: 交通流, 最优速度（OV）模型, 最优速度, 跟驰模型, 稳定性分析

Abstract: In order to overcome the deficiency of the classical Optimal Velocity（OV） model adjusting the optimal velocity only by the distance, an improved Optimal Velocity Difference（OVD） model is proposed by taking the effects of the preceding and following vehicle’s optimal velocity difference on the stability of traffic flow into account. Then, the model’s stability condition is analyzed and deduced using the small vibration amplitude disturbance method. Finally, the simulation analysis of the OVD model is conducted. Through the linear stability analysis, it can be found that the critical drivers’ reaction sensitivity coefficient is reduced, obviously the stability region is apparently enlarged after considering the optimal velocity difference between preceding and following vehicles. Simulation results show that compared with the OV model, the improved OVD model is able to notably improve the stability of traffic flow under the same initial disturbance conditions.

Key words: traffic flow, OV model, Optimal Velocity（OV）, car-following model, stability analysis