关键词: 无线传感网络, 多步长粒子群算法, 有效覆盖率, 优化策略

Abstract: In order to improve the network performance，increase network coverage rate，achieve the maximization of network coverage and extend the network of life，this paper proposes a wireless sensor networks（WSNs） coverage optimization strategy for the optimization objectives of network coverage rate on the basis of the multi-step particle swarm optimization（MPSO）.The strategies changes the maximum flying speed of particles for different individual circumstances，to realize the multi-step-long search of particles and solve effectively the problem of early maturity about particle swarm optimization（PSO）.The simulation shows that wireless sensor networks effective coverage increases from 74.76% to 82.66% and convergence iteration of the number of times reduces from 360 to 283 times，particle convergence rate increases 21.4% compared with PSO.Therefore，MSPSO has better optimization results than PSO in the coverage of the WSNs.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, multi-step particle swarm optimization, effective coverage rate, optimization strategy