Abstract: In order to solve the problem of energy saving and energy consumption balance during the process of data gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks, combining the clustering idea in LEACH with the characteristics of link transmission in PEGASIS, utilizing cooperative MIMO technique, a novel High Energy-efficient Cooperative Routing Algorithm（HECRA） is proposed. In this algorithm, energy consumptions on both intra-cluster short transmission and inter-cluster long transmission are reduced through data aggregation in in-network and cooperative MIMO technique, respectively. At the same time, energy consumption balance is optimized by defining cost function and choosing the most suitable routing path. The energy consumption of various sensor nodes and the total energy consumption in system are analyzed theoretically, and the experimental simulations show that the network lifetime of HECRA is improved enormously compared with LEACH and PEGASIS.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Networks（WSN）, cooperative Multi-Input Multi-Output（MIMO）, High Energy-efficient Cooperative Routing Algorithm（HECRA）, energy consumption

摘要： 为解决无线传感器网络在数据采集过程中的能量节省与能耗均衡问题，结合LEACH的分簇思想和PEGASIS的链路传输特点，利用协作MIMO技术，提出了一种新的高能效协作路由算法HECRA。该算法利用内网数据融合与协作MIMO技术减少了簇内链路短传输与簇间长输的能量消耗，通过构建代价函数选择最合适的路由路径以实现能耗均衡。理论分析了系统进行数据采集时各节点能耗以及系统总能耗，实验仿真结果表明，相对于LEACH与PAGASIS，提出的HECRA算法在网络生命周期上得到了很大的改进。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 协作多输入多输出（MIMO）, 高能效协作路由算法（HECRA）, 能耗