Abstract: In the nature，it exists the competition behavior to compete for the resources between the biological individual.In view of coverage from the self-organization of the wireless sensor network，the article proposes one new distributional algorithm through researching biological competition behavior.This method regards node of sensor network as individual in biological competition，the goal monitoring region as the living resources，and the optimized disposition for the sensor network as it for the biological competition behavior to living resources.This article applies the optimized disposition method which is realized through the resources competition to the node disposition of the wireless sensor network，reduces the node computation，the migration length and complexity of the information，which can raise the motion efficiency of the wireless sensor and achieve the goal of saving electricity indirectly.The experimental result indicates that this method is convenient，effective，and it also can dispose nodes well and raise the coverage fraction of the network.

Key words: wireless sensor network（WSN）, coverage from the self-organization, biological competition

摘要： 自然界中，生物个体之间为争夺资源存在着竞争行为。通过研究生物竞争行为，针对无线传感器网络自组织覆盖问题，提出了一种新的分布式算法。该方法把传感器网络中的节点类比为生物竞争中的个体，把目标监测区域类比为生活资源，把对传感器网络所做的优化配置类比为生物竞争行为对生活资源的优化配置。将自然界生物活动中通过竞争实现资源的优化配置的方法应用到无线传感器网络的节点部署，降低节点的计算量、移动距离及信息复杂度，以提高无线传感器的行动效率，并间接达到省电的目的。实验结果表明，该方法方便，有效，能够较好地配置节点，提高网络覆盖率。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 自组织覆盖, 生物竞争